A patient with a history of two spontaneous abortions, at the 16th and 20th week, respectively, and one intra-uterine fetal death at the 26th week of gestation was investigated. The sole abnormal condition that could be evidenced was a submucosal leiomyoma of 56 mm in diameter in the uterine fundus. Administration of gonadotropin/releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) for 10 months resulted in complete disappearance of myoma. Direct intraperitoneal insemination following induction of ovulation resulted in pregnancy. In a patient harboring uterine leiomyomas, adversely affecting conception and pregnancy outcome, GnRHa treatment may be an initial approach allowing to avoid pelvic surgery. As the beneficial effect of GnRHa might be temporary, assisted reproduction procedures might anticipate conception.