In psychiatry, alternatives to hospitalisation have been developed further to deinstitutionalisation. With the decrease in the number of psychiatric beds and the emergence of new representations regarding the possibility of recovery for people with mental disorder, hospitalisations have been limited to crisis periods. Sheltered housing has been created for vulnerable people. New models of care such « assertive » community treatment » allow to following people with severe mental disorders in the community, whilst avoiding precariousness and isolation. This article aims to present alternatives to psychiatric hospitalisation in a vision of care that answers patients' needs in a proportional and efficient way, that offers a good collaboration with other care providers and that is well-balanced between community care and hospitalisations.