Metabolic Reprogramming of Astrocytes in Pathological Conditions: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_72E6C21EC02C
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Metabolic Reprogramming of Astrocytes in Pathological Conditions: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
Author(s)
Calì C., Cantando I., Veloz Castillo M.F., Gonzalez L., Bezzi P.
ISSN
1422-0067 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1422-0067
Publication state
Published
Issued date
16/08/2024
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
25
Number
16
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Astrocytes play a pivotal role in maintaining brain energy homeostasis, supporting neuronal function through glycolysis and lipid metabolism. This review explores the metabolic intricacies of astrocytes in both physiological and pathological conditions, highlighting their adaptive plasticity and diverse functions. Under normal conditions, astrocytes modulate synaptic activity, recycle neurotransmitters, and maintain the blood-brain barrier, ensuring a balanced energy supply and protection against oxidative stress. However, in response to central nervous system pathologies such as neurotrauma, stroke, infections, and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease, astrocytes undergo significant morphological, molecular, and metabolic changes. Reactive astrocytes upregulate glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation to meet increased energy demands, which can be protective in acute settings but may exacerbate chronic inflammation and disease progression. This review emphasizes the need for advanced molecular, genetic, and physiological tools to further understand astrocyte heterogeneity and their metabolic reprogramming in disease states.
Keywords
Astrocytes/metabolism, Astrocytes/pathology, Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism, Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology, Animals, Energy Metabolism, Glycolysis, Lipid Metabolism, Cellular Reprogramming, Metabolic Reprogramming, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, L-lactate, astrocyte, fatty acid oxidation, ketone bodies, metabolism, mitochondria, reactive astrocytes
Pubmed
Open Access
Yes
Create date
09/09/2024 15:13
Last modification date
10/09/2024 7:18
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