The new generation of multidetector CT (MDCT) has revolutionized noninvasive imaging of proximal and distal airways. Exquisite anatomic details of the airway lumen and airway wall on axial CT images benefit in routine practice from postprocessing tools in adequate orientation. This method ensures an excellent assessment of the morphology and location of any pathology. It may be combined with use of very low dose CT. Airway lumen and airway wall areas may be quantitatively assessed on MDCT images by using specific techniques that are reproducible and accurate.