Based on internal structure, a new family of entactinarian radiolarians,
the Kungalariidae, is described with three new genera and four species:
Kungalaria newcombi, Cachecreekaria californiensis, Transylvanaria
devaensis, and T. hattorii. Members of this family have an eccentric
internal, nassellarian-type initial spicule with bar MB, rays A, V, L,
I, and spine Ax; a medullary shell built above the plane of lateral rays
as in the cephalis of many nassellarians; and a spherical to
subspherical cortical shell around the medullary shell. This new family
is part of a group of Triassic entactinarians structurally intermediate
between Entactinaria, or spicule-bearing Spumellaria, and Nassellaria.
The new genera and species described occur in the Rhaetian of Queen
Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Aalenian to early-mid Bajocian of
central Japan, Cenomanian of California, and Coniacian of Romania.