Summary This retrospective consecutive clinical series describes our satisfactory experience with reamed intramedullary femoral nailing in the treatment of nonunions, axial or rotational deformities as well as length discrepancies following the primary treatment of femoral shaft fractures. 31 patients (32 fractures) treated at our institution from 1992 to 1997 were reviewed for age, gender, cause of injury, type of femur fracture, primary treatment, indication for secondary nailing, operative procedure, complications, need for additional procedures and time for consolidation. 3 patients were lost for follow-up, leaving 28 patients (29 fractures) for evaluation. The average follow-up was 79 weeks (range 24 to 192). The indications for secondary nailing were: 18 nonunions, 7 rotational or axial deformities, 4 length discrepancies. Consolidation was achieved in 25 patients (26 fractures) at an average time of 38 weeks (range 12 to 104). Nonunion was recorded in 3 patients. They were treated successfully with an additional procedure (one exchange intramedullary nailing and two autologous bone grafts). The reamed intramedullary interlocking nail offers many advantages, especially a good initial and middle term stability which is important in case of a slow process of consolidation. By the treatment of atrophic and long lasting nonunion, simultaneous bone grafting seems to be indicated. We conclude that interlocking reamed femoral nailing is a safe treatment option for nonunions and malunions following primary treatment of femoral shaft fractures, resulting in successful union without additional procedure in 26 of 29 fractures in this series.