The hepatitis B virus is likely to induce a severe disease when the infection occurs in vulnerable individuals. For that reason, clear recommendations are issued that vaccine prevention be offered to the immunocompromised and to the infant newly born to a chronically infected mother. However, the vaccine coverage is definitely suboptimal among these patients and a fair proportion of them are only partially vaccinated. An increase in vaccine coverage is demonstrated in several studies involving dedicated nursing or medical teams. The prevention of hepatitis B infection in vulnerable patients requires a systemic and punctilious approach to such a point that one should consider letting the management of these preventive measures to dedicated nursing or medical teams.