Stunted children display ectopic small intestinal colonization by oral bacteria, which cause lipid malabsorption in experimental models.

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Version: Final published version
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_3AD20D6368D6
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Stunted children display ectopic small intestinal colonization by oral bacteria, which cause lipid malabsorption in experimental models.
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Author(s)
Vonaesch P., Araújo J.R., Gody J.C., Mbecko J.R., Sanke H., Andrianonimiadana L., Naharimanananirina T., Ningatoloum S.N., Vondo S.S., Gondje P.B., Rodriguez-Pozo A., Rakotondrainipiana M., Kandou KJE, Nestoret A., Kapel N., Djorie S.G., Finlay B.B., Wegener Parfrey L., Collard J.M., Randremanana R.V., Sansonetti P.J.
Working group(s)
Afribiota Investigators
ISSN
1091-6490 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0027-8424
Publication state
Published
Issued date
11/10/2022
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
119
Number
41
Pages
e2209589119
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an inflammatory syndrome postulated to contribute to stunted child growth and to be associated with intestinal dysbiosis and nutrient malabsorption. However, the small intestinal contributions to EED remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess changes in the proximal and distal intestinal microbiota in the context of stunting and EED and to test for a causal role of these bacterial isolates in the underlying pathophysiology. We performed a cross-sectional study in two African countries recruiting roughly 1,000 children aged 2 to 5 years and assessed the microbiota in the stomach, duodenum, and feces. Upper gastrointestinal samples were obtained from stunted children and stratified according to stunting severity. Fecal samples were collected. We then investigated the role of clinical isolates in EED pathophysiology using tissue culture and animal models. We find that small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is extremely common (>80%) in stunted children. SIBO is frequently characterized by an overgrowth of oral bacteria, leading to increased permeability and inflammation and to replacement of classical small intestinal strains. These duodenal bacterial isolates decrease lipid absorption in both cultured enterocytes and mice, providing a mechanism by which they may exacerbate EED and stunting. Further, we find a specific fecal signature associated with the EED markers fecal calprotectin and alpha-antitrypsin. Our study shows a causal implication of ectopic colonization of oral bacterial isolated from the small intestine in nutrient malabsorption and gut leakiness in vitro. These findings have important therapeutic implications for modulating the microbiota through microbiota-targeted interventions.
Keywords
Animals, Bacteria, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Growth Disorders/etiology, Humans, Intestine, Small, Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids, Malabsorption Syndromes, Mice, Models, Theoretical, Mouth/microbiology, environmental enteric dysfunction, lipid malabsorption, low-grade inflammation, small intestine, stunted child growth
Pubmed
Create date
10/10/2022 13:34
Last modification date
25/01/2024 8:34
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