Monocarboxylate transporters in the central nervous system: distribution, regulation and function.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_35678
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Monocarboxylate transporters in the central nervous system: distribution, regulation and function.
Journal
Journal of Neurochemistry
Author(s)
Pierre K., Pellerin L.
ISSN
0022-3042
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2005
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
94
Number
1
Pages
1-14
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are proton-linked membrane carriers involved in the transport of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, as well as ketone bodies. They belong to a larger family of transporters composed of 14 members in mammals based on sequence homologies. MCTs are found in various tissues including the brain where three isoforms, MCT1, MCT2 and MCT4, have been described. Each of these isoforms exhibits a distinct regional and cellular distribution in rodent brain. At the cellular level, MCT1 is expressed by endothelial cells of microvessels, by ependymocytes as well as by astrocytes. MCT4 expression appears to be specific for astrocytes. By contrast, the predominant neuronal monocarboxylate transporter is MCT2. Interestingly, part of MCT2 immunoreactivity is located at postsynaptic sites, suggesting a particular role of monocarboxylates and their transporters in synaptic transmission. In addition to variation in expression during development and upon nutritional modifications, new data indicate that MCT expression is regulated at the translational level by neurotransmitters. Understanding how transport of monocarboxylates is regulated could be of particular importance not only for neuroenergetics but also for areas such as functional brain imaging, regulation of food intake and glucose homeostasis, or for central nervous system disorders such as ischaemia and neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords
Animals, Central Nervous System/chemistry, Central Nervous System/metabolism, Humans, Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/chemistry, Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/genetics, Protein Isoforms/chemistry, Protein Isoforms/genetics
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
19/11/2007 12:34
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:22
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