Sustained HIV remission after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with wild-type CCR5 donor cells.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_2BCEBE82B4CC
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Sustained HIV remission after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with wild-type CCR5 donor cells.
Journal
Nature medicine
Author(s)
Sáez-Cirión A., Mamez A.C., Avettand-Fenoel V., Nabergoj M., Passaes C., Thoueille P., Decosterd L., Hentzien M., Perdomo-Celis F., Salgado M., Nijhuis M., Mélard A., Gardiennet E., Lorin V., Monceaux V., Chapel A., Gourvès M., Lechartier M., Mouquet H., Wensing A., Martinez-Picado J., Yerly S., Rougemont M., Calmy A.
ISSN
1546-170X (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1078-8956
Publication state
Published
Issued date
12/2024
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
30
Number
12
Pages
3544-3554
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Case Reports
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
HIV cure has been reported for five individuals who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with cells from CCR5Δ32 homozygous donors. By contrast, viral rebound has occurred in other people living with HIV who interrupted antiretroviral treatment after undergoing allo-HSCT, with cells mostly from wild-type CCR5 donors. Here we report the case of a male individual who has achieved durable HIV remission following allo-HSCT with cells from an unrelated HLA-matched (9 of 10 matching for HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles) wild-type CCR5 donor to treat an extramedullary myeloid tumor. To date, plasma viral load has remained undetectable for 32 months after the interruption of antiretroviral treatment. Treatment with ruxolitinib has been maintained during this period to treat chronic graft-versus-host disease. Low levels of proviral DNA were detected sporadically after allo-HSCT, including defective but not intact HIV DNA. No virus could be amplified in cultures of CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cells obtained after antiretroviral treatment interruption, while CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cells remained susceptible to HIV-1 infection in vitro. Declines in HIV antibodies and undetectable HIV-specific T cell responses further corroborate the absence of viral rebound after antiretroviral treatment interruption. These results suggest that HIV remission could be achieved in the context of allo-HSCT with wild-type CCR5.
Keywords
Humans, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Receptors, CCR5/genetics, Male, HIV Infections/immunology, HIV Infections/virology, Transplantation, Homologous, Remission Induction, Viral Load, HIV-1/genetics, Tissue Donors, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology, Adult, Middle Aged, Graft vs Host Disease/immunology
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
09/09/2024 14:40
Last modification date
20/12/2024 7:07
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