Primary care physicians play a crucial role in rehabilitation following rotator cuff surgery. This synthesis paper aims to address essential issues of postsurgical rehabilitation, based on recent recommendations. The rehabilitation comprises 4 phases, which are determined by the tendon healing process.For each phase, this article presents the stage of tendon healing, the allowed mechanical constraints, the exercise and physiotherapy modalities, the possible activities and the potential complications. Information and counseling to support the patient implication in the rehabilitation are also detailed. This article contributes to an enhanced comprehension of the healing process, which is a prerequisite for appropriate follow-up and efficient complication detection.