Function and Regulation of the Epithelial Na<sup>+</sup> Channel ENaC.
Details
Serval ID
serval:BIB_0900AFE39588
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Function and Regulation of the Epithelial Na<sup>+</sup> Channel ENaC.
Journal
Comprehensive Physiology
ISSN
2040-4603 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
2040-4603
Publication state
Published
Issued date
01/06/2021
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
11
Number
3
Pages
2017-2045
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: epublish
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
The Epithelial Na <sup>+</sup> Channel, ENaC, comprised of 3 subunits (αβγ, or sometimes δβγENaC), plays a critical role in regulating salt and fluid homeostasis in the body. It regulates fluid reabsorption into the blood stream from the kidney to control blood volume and pressure, fluid absorption in the lung to control alveolar fluid clearance at birth and maintenance of normal airway surface liquid throughout life, and fluid absorption in the distal colon and other epithelial tissues. Moreover, recent studies have also revealed a role for sodium movement via ENaC in nonepithelial cells/tissues, such as endothelial cells in blood vessels and neurons. Over the past 25 years, major advances have been made in our understanding of ENaC structure, function, regulation, and role in human disease. These include the recently solved three-dimensional structure of ENaC, ENaC function in various tissues, and mutations in ENaC that cause a hereditary form of hypertension (Liddle syndrome), salt-wasting hypotension (PHA1), or polymorphism in ENaC that contributes to other diseases (such as cystic fibrosis). Moreover, great strides have been made in deciphering the regulation of ENaC by hormones (e.g., the mineralocorticoid aldosterone, glucocorticoids, vasopressin), ions (e.g., Na <sup>+</sup> ), proteins (e.g., the ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-2, the kinases SGK1, AKT, AMPK, WNKs & mTORC2, and proteases), and posttranslational modifications [e.g., (de)ubiquitylation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, acetylation, palmitoylation]. Characterization of ENaC structure, function, regulation, and role in human disease, including using animal models, are described in this article, with a special emphasis on recent advances in the field. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-29, 2021.
Keywords
Animals, Endothelial Cells/metabolism, Epithelial Sodium Channels/genetics, Humans, Hypertension, Ions, Sodium/metabolism
Pubmed
Create date
14/06/2021 14:28
Last modification date
09/11/2021 7:40