Macronutrients and energy balance in obesity.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_072089D10665
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Macronutrients and energy balance in obesity.
Journal
Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
Author(s)
Schutz Y.
ISSN
0026-0495 (Print)
ISSN-L
0026-0495
Publication state
Published
Issued date
09/1995
Volume
44
Number
9 Suppl 3
Pages
7-11
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Energy balance is the difference between metabolizable energy intake and total energy expenditure. Energy intake is difficult to measure accurately; changes in body weight, for example, are not a good measure of the adequacy of energy intake, because fluctuations in body weight are common even if the overall trend is toward weight loss. It is now customary to assess energy requirements indirectly from total energy expenditure. Total energy expenditure consists of basal metabolism, postprandial thermogenesis, and physical activity. Energy expenditure is related to both body weight and body composition. A reduction in total energy expenditure accompanies weight loss, because basal metabolic rate decreases with the loss of lean tissue mass. Similarly, with weight gain, there is an increase in basal metabolic rate, because lean tissue mass grows to support the increase in fat tissue mass. Excess energy intake over energy expenditure causes weight gain and an accompanying increase in total energy expenditure. Following a period of adaptation, total energy expenditure will match energy intake and body weight will stabilize at a higher level. This same relationship holds for weight loss. Respiratory quotient (measured in steady state) is an indication of the proportion of energy expenditure derived from fat and carbohydrate oxidation. Over long periods of time, fat balance is equivalent to energy balance, as an excess of fat intake over fat oxidation causes fat storage.
Keywords
Body Weight, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Nutritional Status, Obesity/physiopathology
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
21/01/2008 14:09
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:29
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